We’ve recently been getting a lot of questions regarding the restoration, maintenance and running of our original Edwardian fireplaces and have put together this little list that will hopefully answer most of your questions and give you a helping hand.
Restoration
Where do I start?
Our cast iron fireplaces were covered in layers of paint. We started by stripping everything with a chemical paint stripper. You should never use a heat gun on cast iron, as the sudden difference in temperature can cause the cast iron to crack.
What paint stripper is best?
We used a slightly different method for each of the two fireplaces we restored. We stripped the fireplace in the master bedroom with Nitromors and we stripped the fireplace in the guest bedroom (formerly in our dining room) with Peel Away. You can check out each of those methods in more detail here and here. We personally LOVED PeelAway
. It worked really well and stripped away all layers of paint in one go.
It’s stripped, now what?
After removing all of the paint, we found that the cast iron had a thin layer of rust on it. Most of it came off with the stripper. To remove any left-over paint residue and the rust, we gave the whole fireplace a sand with some fine steel wool.
Okay, it’s stripped and sanded, how much more can there be?
Don’t worry, you’re almost there. The next step is the easiest and most fun – applying the grate polish. Make sure your cast iron is cleaned and dust free. Then mix a small amount of grate polish with a bit of white spirit. The addition of white spirit makes the paste much easier to apply and it also goes much, much further. When it’s dry, buff it to the desired sheen with a soft cloth.
Oh, and wear gloves – I had black fingers & fingernails for about a week after doing it without… Ups.
What grate polish did you use & how much will I need?
We used ZIP grate polish that we purchased from a local fireplace restoration company. We probably used about a quarter of the tube (mixed with white spirit) per fireplace.
How does the finish hold up? Does the polish wear off?
It depends. Our fireplaces in the bedroom and living room have a slightly polished finish. If you touch or wipe them, a small amount of black grate polish will rub off, but not much. Our fireplace in the guest bedroom has a slightly more matt finish (same paste and application, but just not polished), here the polish will rub off much more easily – although we like the matt finish, we will probably polish it just to make it more durable.
How often do you need to reapply the polish?
We’ve had the fire in the living room for 3 years and haven’t had to reapply the polish yet. It still looks exactly like it did on the day we had it installed.
Running
Do you have any tips on how to light a fire?
We really struggled with this in the beginning. After a few years of practice it’s definitely become easier. The trick is not to be too delicate. Start by layering your fire, we use about 3 small firelighters, a load of kindling on top and then a few coals balanced on top of the kindling.
Add more coal (quite a bit) when the first coals are glowing. Make sure you have the bottom vent open to allow a lot of air to circulate the fire. Once it’s going, you can close the vent.
It will take a few hours until the fire really gives of a lot of heat.
How often does it require cleaning?
It all depends on how often you use it. I will usually give it a quick wipe after every use and a more thorough clean after about every fifth use.
How do you clean it and how long does it take?
For the quick clean, we just give everything a quick dust and wipe with a standard duster. For the more thorough clean, I first sweep away any dirt & dust, and then clean & polish everything with a rag and WD40. You should never use water on cast iron. The quick clean is a 5 minute job maximum, the more in depth clean takes about 15 minutes.
How much wood do you use?
As we live in a smoke control area, we aren’t allowed to burn wood in our open fires. Most cities in the UK fall in this category and you can check out if you’re in one here. We burn smokeless coal in our fires.
Okay, so how much coal do you use then?
Each winter, we use about four 50kg sacks of smokeless coal. We have central heating and only use the fireplace in the living room – the ones in the bedrooms are purely decorative. We probably have the fire on for about 3-4 evenings a week for about 4-5 hours.
Anything else?
Don’t forget to have your chimney swept regularly – at least once a year (more often if you use you’re fire a lot)! You can find a chimney sweep in your area on the NACS (National Association of Chimney Sweeps) homepage. A poorly maintained chimney can lead to house fires, so don’t skimp on having your chimney swept!
Do you have any safety tips?
Burning fuel will result in the production of carbon monoxide. For safety reasons, we have a carbon monoxide detector in our rooms where we use the fireplaces. They are only around £20 and could potentially save your life! Oh, and of course you should never leave your fire unattended.
Installation
I don’t have a period fireplace, but I’d like one installed. Where do I start?
We spent a few weekends going to reclamation yards and fireplace restoration centres just looking at the fireplaces on offer. It’s a good idea to take exact measurements of your chimney breast and room with you, so that you don’t fall in love with a fireplace that not the right size for the room.
I’ve chosen a fireplace, now what?
You have the stove fitted by a professional. Even if you think that this is a job you could do yourself, you will need certain certificates to comply with building regulations. A good installer will also check the state of your chimney, flue and make sure that everything is safe and secure.
Let us know if you have any other questions or any advice you’d like to share. We’ll try to answer if we know the answer!
With the yellow fireplace… how come you didn’t make the “fence” or “grate” yellow why keep it black?
I love the look of both of them, you did a great job!
Thanks Marie Roxanne! Originally it would have all been black, so I guess that’s why we decided to stick with it. We’d really never even considered anything else.
Cx
We’re trying to blacken a fireplace with black grate polish, but the polish doesn’t seem to be taking, or sticking, to the fireplace. Did you have this problem?
No, we didn’t have that problem at all. All I could suggest is giving the fireplace a rub down with some fine steel wool and then cleaning it with white spirit. That should remove any grease and residue that may be stopping the grate polish sticking to the fireplace. Hope that’s some help, Kevin. We’d love to know how you get on – good luck!
Cx
We are about to attempt to replace the tiles on a cast iron fireplace. Someone retiled over the beautiful original tiles and they are beyond restoration now. So the whole lot has been removed and now we have a gap for the new tiles to go, and it looks like the slip into the surrounds – I’m planning to buy antique tiles (at great expense) but I’m not quite sure how to fit them? Have you ever done this? Any advice?
Thanks
Jane
Hi Jane! It’s hard to believe that someone would tile over original tiles – so annoying! We were lucky and still had the original tiles in our bedroom fireplace. For our living room fireplace (which we had installed) we chose the tiles but had them fitted by the company we bought the fireplace off. I wonder if the shop where you are buying the tiles could advise you on how to fit them – or even fit them for you! Sorry we couldn’t be more help!
Cx
I have restored cast iron fireplaces in my Victorian house, and once cleaned
the best finish is obtained using Liberon Cast Iron Paste.
Thanks for the information, Robert! The Zip polish we used worked great for us, but if we ever restore another fireplace we’ll bear it in mind. We bought our Zip paste at a local fireplace restoration centre – it’s the paste they use for all of their fireplaces, so I assume the finished and results of most pastes out there will be similar.
Cx
We have bought a victorian fireplace that has been sandblasted but not polished, would you advise polishing before or after its fitted?
We’d polish it before as it can be quit a messy job and could end up all over your walls.
Enjoy your new fireplace!
Cx
Thats what i was hoping you would say! thank you.
HI, THANKS FOR ALL THE INSIGHT INTO YOUR RESTORATION. WE ARE RESORING AN IN SITUE LATE VICTORIAN, CAST IRON FIRE WITH A SLATE SURROUND. (IT HAD BEEN PAINTED IN HAMERITE METAL PAINT!) OH LORD WHAT A JOB!!
MY QUESTION IS THE FIRE IS MISSING SOME PARTS, IT ONLY SEEMS TO HAVE THE FRONT GAURD? AND ASH PAN COVER/VENT. DO YOU KNOW WHERE I START TO GET THE MISSING PARTS??? THANKS FOR ANY ADVICE. X
You’re welcome, Chrissy! Stripping Hammerite sounds like an awful job – we certainly don’t envy you! For your missing parts, I’d check out some of your local fireplace restoration companies and shops that sell reclaimed fireplaces. They’ll probably be able to get hold of the missing parts for you.
Good luck finding what you need.
Cx
We had this issue. Have an unusual sized fire missing front bars and ashpan. In the end (v recently) went online to http://www.wardantiquefireplaces.co.uk – they are in London and we are not. They had the pattern for our fire, and seem to have 100s of others. They recast the missing parts for us and now it looks amazing. Can def. recommend them!
That’s an amazing tip! Thanks for sharing, Vicky!
Cx
Incredibly brilliant post! You answered all the relevant questions in one go. Your blog deserves some kind of recognition and I believe this is one of the best blogs related to fireplace restoration or maintenance.
Hi Christine,
We have just moved into our first house – an Edwardian semi that needs a total refurb! I have spent two days stripping 4 layers of paint from 1 of 3 painted fireplaces. I have followed your instructions with paint stripper, wire wool and white spirit, but there are still some really stubborn parts around the small details. Did you put the black paste over your fireplace at this stage, or did you take each and every last piece of paint off before polishing the paste on? Luckily the carpets and wallpaper is very dated, so I haven’t needed to worry about the mess as much (and it is very VERY messy-as you know well!)
Thanks,
Lauren & Scott
Congratulations on your new home! Yes, we had a few very stubborn bits of paint, too. It’s definitely better to remove all paint, as the paste doesn’t stick to it very well. Addmitedly, we did have a few little spots of paint left when we applied the paste and overall it worked fine. I personally think that it would be almost imposssible to remove everything! Hope that’s some help!
Cx
Hi Lauren, I just kept on plugging away and also used some wire brushes about tooth brush size. Then I got the big guns out and put some wire brush heads on the drill! Don’t be to delicate, they can take a pounding and you see much better results.
Hi guys
Great work on the house, pretty much want to do all the same things! Can I ask, do you find the open fire creates a draught that can cause the room to be chilly in the morning? Is a stove better in this respect? I love the open fire, but the thought of the up- draught making the room cold in the mornings puts me off!
Thanks, Ed
Thanks Ed!
Yes, the stove is more draught free, but I wouldn’t say that the open fire makes a huge difference to the temperature of the room. Our Edwardian home admittedly isn’t the warmest, but I’d say that’s down to a lot more than just the open fires.
Cx
Hello,
I have recently moved into a house with a fireplace much like the ones pictured. The grate has broken and I need to replace the ashpan but the front is working fine. One question I have is the ashpan that is currently in there doesn’t come out of the opening at the bottom of the front for ease of emptying, is this just how these fireplaces work that when you want to empty the ashes you need to remove the front part to pick up the ash tray or am I missing something here?
Our ashpan is the same, Callum. We can swivel it around slightly to get it out of the opening (and don’t have to remove the front) but it is always a bit fiddly. I’m not sure if that’s the way it always is, but I guess the ashpan has to be fairly large to collect all of the dirt.
Cx
Thanks for the reply, yes I thought that might be the case, I’m struggling to find an ash tray that’s small enough to get through the opening at the front and not too small so it doesn’t collect anything! Will continue my search online for one!
I love your blog for ideas and how-to guides. Thank you!
Where did you find your wooden surround?
Also, we’re getting a woodburning stove, and just had the slate hearth installed. Guess who forgot to factor in the fact that we still need to sand the floors? A useful tip for the start of all of your posts is “what else needs to happen to this room?” Argh.
Thank you, Megan! We bought our surround together with the fireplace at the Antique Fireplace Restauration Company.
It’s always annoying when you realise that things should have ideally been done in a different order, but I wouldn’t worry about it too much. You can still sand the floors up to the hearth, you’ll just have to be a bit more careful.
Cx
Hi guys, your fire looks great! Can you tell me if there is black paint on a fireplace you should remove it before you use it? Or do you know if it’s safe to use with the black paint on the surround?
Thanks, Vicky
Thanks, Victoria!
There are specialist paints for fireplaces so it’s difficult to say it’s okay to use without knowing exactly what it’s painted in. I would assume that it’s okay to have paint on the surround though.
Cx
Hey, I restored two fireplaces after reading your post. Got them sandblasted in the end as it was taking ages with stripper! I’ve used black polish but if any water hits the fireplace it’ll still rust. Any tips to seal?
How exciting, Colin! I’m sure they look amazing. If we could have removed the fireplace in our bedroom we would have had it sandblasted, too!
Cast iron will always rust when it comes in contact with water. It’s kind of inevitable. We were usually pretty careful so only had minimal problems. When you clean your fire don’t use water and use WD40 instead. If you do have a few small rusty patches, give them a scrub with some fine steel wool and reapply the black polish. The only way I know of to avoid any problems is to paint the fire but I personally think that black polish and a bit of TLC every now and then is a compromise worth making for a better and more authentic look.
Cx
Hi I am considering buying an old surround (either sandblasted or painted white!). Is there a reason that you used polish rather than stove paint? Will stove paint be just as effective if I want the fireplace black. Also (I know nothing about fireplaces and have never had an open fire) I seem to only be buying a surround…what else will I need to buy to be able to light my open fire (other than a hearth which I will tile).
Thanks in advance
Catherine
Yes, we used grate polish for both of our fireplaces. There’s no reason other than it’s traditionally the way that fireplaces were treated. It’s really black, so it should do the trick in terms of the finish you’re looking for.
In terms of the parts you will need I would recommend visiting a fireplace shop to see what full fireplaces look like. Then you can work out what parts you will need.
Just remember, that any fireplace will have to comply with building regulations and will have to be fitted by an approved HETAS installer. You will also have to have your flue checked to make sure it’s suitable and it will have to be cleaned regularly. Otherwise, it could invalidate your home insurance!
Cx
Hi guys, I love your work and really appreciate the detailed information and photos.
We have just removed a highly detailed, patterned cast iron fire surround from our bedroom and plan to use it as a backing for our multi fuel burner in the living room. We removed many layers of thick black paint and it looks fantastic now. I don’t want to blacken it again with iron paste. Can you recommend anything that will protect it against the fierce heat but keep it’s natural colour?
Many thanks
Val
Thanks for the feedback, Val! Traditionally you would use the grate polish on the fireplace. If you polish it (a lot) it does turn more of a gunmetal colour but it’ll obviously still be darker. I’m not really sure what kind of product will protect the cast iron otherwise.
Maybe you could try and visit a reclaimed fireplace store to see if they offer any products that would do the trick? I know that our local store was always happy to help and gave great advice!
Good luck with finding what you’re looking for!
Cx